Culture, Modernity and media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Culture, Modernity and media - Essay Example This is on the grounds that the possibility of a country state or the idea the each human has a place with at least one countries has been compelling over the span of mankind's history. A nationalistic philosophy frames the premise of creation for a country state which decides its cordial or even threatening associations with different countries of the world. Being a piece of countries involves somewhat a positive confidence in the philosophy of the country and maintaining certain traditions which are a piece of the national culture (Miztal, 2003). For some odd reason, there now and then gives off an impression of being no premise of making a country since in recorded terms countries were framed just in light of the fact that a gathering had an alternate complement from another, while simultaneously, individuals from across races, religions, social and foundations just as the individuals who communicate in various dialects can call themselves part of one country (Giddens, 1994). This is especially the situation with western majority rule governments like America or Britain, where the decent variety of the country is praised as much as the association (Bhaba, 1989). Truth be told, festivities are critical in assisting with making a national personality and implanting a feeling of having a place with a country without inside segregation. The celebratory job of a specific occurrence in history is regularly associated with war and battle. By chance, the festival only occasionally takes a gander at the monstrosities submitted by the countries engaged with the war but instead at the positive, courageous, benevolent and honorable acts which ‘deserve’ to be remembered. For example, the American festival of Veteran’s Day is a festival of all the war saints who battled for America in the numerous wars the country has directed over its nearly short history (Gillis, 1994). Obviously there is little notice of America being the main country on the planet to have at any point utilized an atomic assault on another country. The barbarities which were perpetrated by American officers in Vietnam and the wrongdoings of war they

The Modernization of Japan Essay Example for Free

The Modernization of Japan Essay As indicated by Contemporary Japan: A Teaching Workbook in Columbia University and East Asian Curriculum Project: â€Å"the appearance of United States maritime armada instructed by Commodore Matthew C. Perry has finished the separation of Japan from the outside world, especially western. Perry at that point educated to open Japan to outside exchange and political contact†. The Edo bakufu, perceiving United States military predominance, marked an arrangement of fellowship during a second visit by Perry in 1854. In 1868, the Meji rebuilding was fruitful and completely separated from westerners impact. Another legislature was introduced made and driven by typical samurai from the areas of Satsuma and Choshu. The recently reestablished government vowed to reestablish another country that will be modernized and autonomous. As further refered to by the Contemporary Japan: A Teaching Workbook in Columbia University, East Asian Curriculum Project: â€Å"it implied finding another image around which Japanese individuals could energize (the Meiji Emperor), another feeling of interest in the cutting edge society being manufactured, the chance to make a â€Å"success† of oneself, and the destroying of the old primitive order†. Accordingly over the period, for a cutting edge concentrated government, the old primitive areas were annulled. The old primitive class differentiations were eminently the samurai class. Opposition and logical inconsistency in the recently reestablished government, as Saigo Takamori drove a disobedience in 1878, were repulsed. The Meji government demonstrated its supreme capacity to revamp its social legacy, society and the lifestyle. The administration, as drove by the Meji Oligarchs, has cleared its legislative framework into parliament. A constitution was established and the activities of political race that has at long last illustrated the parliament procedures like current states.

Ludei

Ludei INTRODUCTIONMartin: Hi, today we are in San Francisco with Ludei. Eneko, who are you and what do you do?Eneko: Hi, hows it going?Martin: Good.Eneko: So, our company, its a platform for developers, specifically for HTML 5, JavaScript, and app developers.Martin: Ok, great. And how did you come up with this idea and what type of other companies did you start before?Eneko: I started a web hosting company back in Spain like 10 years ago. This company was acquired by Telefonica. And then I started different companies, so one of them was Ludei, in the beginning Ludei was game studio, and we were looking for a solution for cross-platform development. We were looking for a way to code once and have a game running everywhere. And it was like 4 years ago that we started using HTML 5 or messing around with HTML 5 to see if it was an actual feasible technology to use for games. And we were facing different problems, we solved all of them, and we manage HTML 5 to run really fast on every device, a nd thats when we decided to become a platform, in sense of our games to the technology company, to sell this technology through this platform to other developers. And we also open this technology to every app developer, not only game developers. So, Ludei is a platform for every app developer, we make their lives easier, we make their apps run faster without any problem on every device.BUSINESS MODELMartin: And hows the revenue model working?Eneko: So, its software as a service model. So developers they come to our platform, everything is web-based, really scalable, they sign up for, they choose their plan and they pay, or they have our free plan, or they pay depending on the different features that they want, and we also make money by publishing different apps. When we find an app or a game that could be successful, we partner with the developer and then we share their revenue.Martin: Ok, great. And if you segment your customers, by size for example or maybe region, what percentage is, for example, in terms of production and developer studios, or single developers, and maybe even in countries?Eneko: Our developers, now we have more than 40 thousand, they are from all over the world, so a big parties they are here in America, we have tons of, a lots of European developers and also in Asia, so I think its like very widespread around the world, and so we have from very small developers to bigger companies, so we are working with Disney, Nickelodeon, with big companies, too. And so its from one developer that is working at home from big customers, we have all the range.Martin: And how did you decide when the pivot was necessary from being a game studio to becoming this kind of ecosystem or platform?Eneko: Its a good question. When you run a startup, there is the moment, where you have to try to find where the opportunity is. So maybe, you never know, maybe we could have chosen to keep on building games and maybe we could be have been now like super big publisher. Or maybe we did the right choice by becoming a technology company and now we are very successful, we are going faster, we are now in the space where maybe two years ago people didnt really believe in HTML 5, and now everybody believes in HTML 5 again, and now we are going really fast. So, you never know, but we thought that there was an opportunity there, and nobody was there, and we had great team, a great technology, so we decided to get there.Martin: Ok, great. Can you briefly tell us about HTML 5 and why its helpful or the right technology now?Eneko: We believe that today its crazy, actually, but idea to have one team to develop an app for iOS, one team to develop an app for Android, and for other platforms, because today maybe you also need the web version or Windows phone version. So, any company that needs either 4 people or 4 teams, thats crazy. Because, its not only developing an app, its maintaining the app, because you have an app that is live, and you have to keep on ad ding features. So, thats a huge cost. If you have a way to develop cross-platform, to code once and be everywhere, your costs are totally reduced. We believe that today, JavaScript HTML 5 is the way to go, to code an app and to be everywhere. There are great tools, there is this great technology, devices are getting better and better and they run JavaScript faster, so we believe that today its an option and tomorrow everybody is going to develop the apps using JavaScript HTML 5.Martin: What have been the major obstacles when you pivoted and then started to grow your platform / ecosystem? What have been your major problems, where you said Oh my god, we need to solve this hard problem, how should we do it?Eneko: Our biggest problem was when, there was a moment where everybody was pushing HTML 5 and there was even a bubble on HTML 5, it was the next big thing. And at some point Facebook, Facebook was also a big proponent of HTML 5, and one day they decided not to use HTML 5 anymore. So Mark Zuckerberg, he said at a big conference that HTML 5 was a big mistake and then that was a really bad moment for us, for every company that was in the HTML 5 space, that was a bad moment. But, because for the press, for everyone its like HTML 5 doesnt work, but in the end of the day we had tons of customers that they were actually using HTML 5 successfully, it was working. And using technology like ours that actually, our technology makes HTML 5 run on mobile devices, so our customers were able to develop and to use HTML 5 successfully. So, we were growing slowly and now we are growing really fast because now people really believe again in HTML 5 and now we are going fast again.CORPORATE STRATEGYMartin: Lets talk briefly about corporate strategy. So, at what stage of the adaption cycle do you think you are currently? Is it more that you only have the early adopters who would say Ok, I want to develop an app and I want to lower my cost for distributing this app to different plat forms, thats why I use Ludei, or is it really like that you have the major parts of the market covered already?Eneko: Thats a good question because maybe a few months ago we had only the early adopters, we have now more and more customers. But we are in the beginning, so most of the development today is native, so exclusively for each platform. So we are just in the beginning, there are only a small percentage so far that companies hire our developing apps using cross-platform technology, so the opportunity is there and we are in the first line to catch the wave.Martin: And what are the major challenges when trying to convert prospect to a customer? Because from an ex owner perspective it looks great, I can distribute it to another platform, if you pitch me without having background knowledge I would say, Ok, come on, lets try this. What are the major challenges for pitching this?Eneko: Developers are used to code in one language and sometimes for them it is hard to learn a new lang uage and to start using it and to try it unless they are sure that its going to be successful. So, thats when these developers or people in general, when they see success stories, apps that are developed in HTML 5, that are in the top of the app stores, and everybodys using them, so they are going to be more confident. But today there are more and more good applications, people believe in that and also that the cost, you cant have four teams to develop an app.Martin: What do you think, what are the percentage of lets say cost savings, for example if I develop for each and every platform my app vs. I develop at HTML 5 and then just distribute it via Ludei?Eneko: So you can reduce the cost like 4 times, you can spend only 1/4 of the cost of cost of having 4 teams.Martin: Ok, great.ADVICE TO ENTREPRENEURS In San Francisco, we meet founder and CEO of Ludei, Eneko Knorr. He shares his story how he came up with the idea and founded this company, how the current business model works, as well as Eneko provides some advice for young entrepreneurs.The transcription of the interview is provided below.INTRODUCTIONMartin: Hi, today we are in San Francisco with Ludei. Eneko, who are you and what do you do?Eneko: Hi, hows it going?Martin: Good.Eneko: So, our company, its a platform for developers, specifically for HTML 5, JavaScript, and app developers.Martin: Ok, great. And how did you come up with this idea and what type of other companies did you start before?Eneko: I started a web hosting company back in Spain like 10 years ago. This company was acquired by Telefonica. And then I started different companies, so one of them was Ludei, in the beginning Ludei was game studio, and we were looking for a solution for cross-platform development. We were looking for a way to code once and have a game running everywhere. And it was like 4 years ago that we started using HTML 5 or messing around with HTML 5 to see if it was an actual feasible technology to use for games. And we were facing different problems, we solved all of them, and we manage HTML 5 to run really fast on every device, and thats when we decided to become a platform, in sense of our games to the technology company, to sell this technology through this platform to other developers. And we also open this technology to every app developer, not only game developers. So, Ludei is a platform for every app developer, we make their lives easier, we make their apps run faster without any problem on every device.BUSINESS MODELMartin: And hows the revenue model working?Eneko: So, its software as a service model. So developers they come to our platform, everything is web-based, really scalable, they sign up for, they choose their plan and they pay, or they have our free plan, or they pay depending on the different features that they want, and we also make money by publishing different apps. When we find an app or a game that could be successful, we partner with the developer and then we share their revenue.Martin: Ok, great. And if you segment your customers, by size for example or maybe region, what percentage is, for example, in terms of production and developer studios, or single developers, and maybe even in countries?Eneko: Our developers, now we have more than 40 thousand, they are from all over the world, so a big parties they are here in America, we have tons of, a lots of European developers and also in Asia, so I think its like very widespread around the world, and so we have from very small developers to bigger companies, so we are working with Disney, Nickelodeon, with big companies, too. And so its from one developer that is working at home from big customers, we have all the range.Martin: And how did you decide when the pivot was necessary from being a game studio to becoming this kind o f ecosystem or platform?Eneko: Its a good question. When you run a startup, there is the moment, where you have to try to find where the opportunity is. So maybe, you never know, maybe we could have chosen to keep on building games and maybe we could be have been now like super big publisher. Or maybe we did the right choice by becoming a technology company and now we are very successful, we are going faster, we are now in the space where maybe two years ago people didnt really believe in HTML 5, and now everybody believes in HTML 5 again, and now we are going really fast. So, you never know, but we thought that there was an opportunity there, and nobody was there, and we had great team, a great technology, so we decided to get there.Martin: Ok, great. Can you briefly tell us about HTML 5 and why its helpful or the right technology now?Eneko: We believe that today its crazy, actually, but idea to have one team to develop an app for iOS, one team to develop an app for Android, and fo r other platforms, because today maybe you also need the web version or Windows phone version. So, any company that needs either 4 people or 4 teams, thats crazy. Because, its not only developing an app, its maintaining the app, because you have an app that is live, and you have to keep on adding features. So, thats a huge cost. If you have a way to develop cross-platform, to code once and be everywhere, your costs are totally reduced. We believe that today, JavaScript HTML 5 is the way to go, to code an app and to be everywhere. There are great tools, there is this great technology, devices are getting better and better and they run JavaScript faster, so we believe that today its an option and tomorrow everybody is going to develop the apps using JavaScript HTML 5.Martin: What have been the major obstacles when you pivoted and then started to grow your platform / ecosystem? What have been your major problems, where you said Oh my god, we need to solve this hard problem, how should we do it?Eneko: Our biggest problem was when, there was a moment where everybody was pushing HTML 5 and there was even a bubble on HTML 5, it was the next big thing. And at some point Facebook, Facebook was also a big proponent of HTML 5, and one day they decided not to use HTML 5 anymore. So Mark Zuckerberg, he said at a big conference that HTML 5 was a big mistake and then that was a really bad moment for us, for every company that was in the HTML 5 space, that was a bad moment. But, because for the press, for everyone its like HTML 5 doesnt work, but in the end of the day we had tons of customers that they were actually using HTML 5 successfully, it was working. And using technology like ours that actually, our technology makes HTML 5 run on mobile devices, so our customers were able to develop and to use HTML 5 successfully. So, we were growing slowly and now we are growing really fast because now people really believe again in HTML 5 and now we are going fast again.CORPORATE ST RATEGYMartin: Lets talk briefly about corporate strategy. So, at what stage of the adaption cycle do you think you are currently? Is it more that you only have the early adopters who would say Ok, I want to develop an app and I want to lower my cost for distributing this app to different platforms, thats why I use Ludei, or is it really like that you have the major parts of the market covered already?Eneko: Thats a good question because maybe a few months ago we had only the early adopters, we have now more and more customers. But we are in the beginning, so most of the development today is native, so exclusively for each platform. So we are just in the beginning, there are only a small percentage so far that companies hire our developing apps using cross-platform technology, so the opportunity is there and we are in the first line to catch the wave.Martin: And what are the major challenges when trying to convert prospect to a customer? Because from an ex owner perspective it looks great, I can distribute it to another platform, if you pitch me without having background knowledge I would say, Ok, come on, lets try this. What are the major challenges for pitching this?Eneko: Developers are used to code in one language and sometimes for them it is hard to learn a new language and to start using it and to try it unless they are sure that its going to be successful. So, thats when these developers or people in general, when they see success stories, apps that are developed in HTML 5, that are in the top of the app stores, and everybodys using them, so they are going to be more confident. But today there are more and more good applications, people believe in that and also that the cost, you cant have four teams to develop an app.Martin: What do you think, what are the percentage of lets say cost savings, for example if I develop for each and every platform my app vs. I develop at HTML 5 and then just distribute it via Ludei?Eneko: So you can reduce the cost like 4 times, you can spend only 1/4 of the cost of cost of having 4 teams.Martin: Ok, great.ADVICE TO ENTREPRENEURSMartin: Lets talk about your learnings as an entrepreneur. You started some other companies. What have been your major problems that you needed to overcome and what have been your major learnings?Eneko: As an entrepreneur, of course, usually the most difficult thing is.., its important to find the right direction for your business, the right idea to push that idea, to follow that path, and its also really difficult to find the right team. Now, Im really proud to have like a rock star team, really good developers and really amazing team, weve been working together for 4 years. But this is really difficult to find that team and its really difficult to manage all your team, your employees, and thats the most challenging part for the business. And of course its also difficult to sell, to get a name for your company, to make people know about your technology, of course those are r eally difficult things.Martin: Eneko, what other learnings have you, maybe we can also talk a little bit about your first startup, the hosting company?Eneko: So, we started a hosting company where, of course, there were other hosting companies in Spain, so we were struggling, we were trying to grow and we couldnt find the way because the beginning is very difficult to get the first customers, and then I discovered, I dont know how I discovered, there was one thing that was totally new and even in Spain, was totally new something called AdWords, Google AdWords.Martin: I dont know, whats that? ??Eneko: So, I said ok, lets try to use AdWords, and we spent some money there and it was very, very cheap to get the first customers. So one click for the word like domain, or hosting was like 5 cents, and today that word, the click would cost like 5 dollars, so that was a good price. Of course, it was luck, but it was also trial error, because I tried everything, every other marketing, ways t o try to promote our company and that was successful. So, sometimes in there, when you run a startup, sometimes to be successful you have to work really hard, thats for sure, and find the right opportunities, but sometimes theres a bit of luck. Good luck or bad luck, but, and I think thats something thats, you need to have luck, of course you have to work hard, but there are parts where you really need this bit of help, of luck.Martin: The interesting thing about your company right now is that you moved from, or at least partly, from Spain to the Silicon Valley. What would be your advice for other international startups that are sitting in the UK, or in Germany, etc.? Should they move here, and if yes, what parts?Eneko: Ive been here in Silicon Valley for 3 years, so I learned that maybe from the European companies within that this is, the paradise. Its very easy to be here and you get tons of investment, they are going to give you money like tomorrow, and that doesnt happen. And so its hard to run a company here and to be successful. There are like 5.000 companies looking for fund today here in the Bay Area, there is a lot of noise and you need to, if you want to have press, so there are tons of interesting companies, the best companies in the world are here, so you need to do something different to be out there. So, thats challenging. But, I moved here because I believed that this is the place to sell technology and to become a global company, a global successful company. And 3 year later, I still think that this is the place to be. Because, maybe you could have really good technology, like in the small village in Spain, or in France, or in Germany, but its really difficult, sometimes I feel like if you are not here, that technology is difficult to sell. So this super cool technology that comes from this small village in Italy, so I think that people dont believe that company, that technology could be better than technology that is created here in Silicon Va lley. So, I still believe that this is the right place to be for a startup.Martin: This is, so to speak, because of the customer proximity or something else?Eneko: So, its the customer proximity, and you have the bigger, the biggest partners that you can have here, doing technology like the Facebook or Google or Apple, the technology press is here. So and the technology press, sometimes if youre based here in the Bay Area, they dont write about you. So, this ecosystem is, it makes that you can be here and so the chances to be more successful globally I think that are bigger. Of course, there are disadvantages of being here, its challenging to get inside the Silicon Valley ecosystem, and its very expensive to live here, and its very expensive to hire people here, and everything is really expensive. But I still believe that this is, I would recommend any European startup to move here, of course.Martin: Thank you very much, Eneko. And if you are still trying to develop your native apps for each and every platform, maybe you should think about it and move to Ludei. Thanks.Eneko: Thank you.

Learning Vocabulary With Word Forms

There are a wide variety of techniques used to learn vocabulary in English. This learning vocabulary technique focuses on using word forms as a way to broaden your English vocabulary. The great thing about word forms is that you can learn a number of words with just one basic definition. In other words, word forms relate to a specific meaning. Of course, not all of the definitions are the same. However, the definitions are often closely related. Start off by quickly reviewing the eight parts of speech in English: VerbNounPronounAdjectiveAdverbPrepositionsConjunctionInterjection Examples Not all eight parts of speech will have a form of each word. Sometimes, there are only noun and verb forms. Other times, a word will have related adjectives and adverbs. Here are some examples: Noun: studentVerb: to studyAdjective: studious, studied, studyingAdverb: studiously Some words will have more variations. Take the word care: Noun: care, caregiver, caretaker, carefulnessVerb: to careAdjective: careful, careless, carefree, carewornAdverb: carefully, carelessly Other words will be especially rich because of compounds. Compound words are words made up by taking two words and putting them together to create other words! Take a look at words derived from power: Noun: power, brainpower, candlepower, firepower, horsepower, hydropower, powerboat, powerhouse, powerlessness, powerlifting, powerpc, powerpoint, superpower, willpowerVerb: to power, to empower, to overpowerAdjective: empowered, empowering, overpowered, overpowering, powerable, powered, powerful, powerlessAdverb: powerfully, powerlessly, overpoweringly Not all words have so many compound word possibilities. However, there are some words that are used to construct numerous compound words. Heres a (very) short list to get you started: airanybackballroomdayearthfiregrandhandhomelandlightnewsrainshowsandsometimewaterwind Exercises for Using Your Words in Context Exercise 1: Write a Paragraph Once youve made a list of a few words, the next step will be to give yourself the opportunity to put the words youve studied into context. There are a number of ways to do this, but one exercise I especially like is to write an extended paragraph. Lets take a look at power again. Heres a paragraph Ive written to help me practice and remember words created with power: Writing a paragraph is a powerful way to help you remember words. Of course, it takes plenty of brainpower. However, by writing out such a paragraph you will empower yourself to use this words. For example, you might find creating a paragraph in powerpoint on a PowerPC takes a lot of willpower. In the end, you wont feel overpowered by all these words, youll feel empowered. No longer will you stand there powerlessly when confronted with words such as candlepower, firepower, horsepower, hydropower, because youll know that they are all different types of power used to power our overpowering society. Ill be the first to admit that writing out a paragraph, or even trying to read such a paragraph from memory might seem crazy. It certainly isnt good writing style! However, by taking the time to try to fit as many words made up with a target word youll be creating all sorts of related context to your word list. This exercise will help you imagine what type of uses can be found for all these related words. Best of all, the exercise will help you map the words in your brain! Exercise 2: Write Sentences An easier exercise is to write out individual sentences for each word in your list. Its not as challenging, but its certainly an effective way to practice the vocabulary youve taken the time to learn.

Asian Values And Cultural Diversity - 2375 Words

The term Asian Values has various definitions. Generally, the phrase alludes to influences from Confucianism in particular, filial piety or loyalty towards the family, corporation, and nation; the forgoing of personal freedom for the sake of society s stability and prosperity; the pursuit of academic and technological excellence; and, a strong work ethic together with thrift. Proponents of so-called Asian values, who tend to support Asian style authoritarian governments claim these values are more appropriate for the region than Western democracy with its emphasis on individual freedoms. Asian values were codified and promoted in the Bangkok Declaration of 1993, which re-emphasized the principles of sovereignty, self-determination, and non-interference in civil and political rights. However, there have been a number of criticisms of Asian values. For example, Amartya Sen argues these so-called Asian values cannot operate because of the overriding cultural diversity found in Asia. In addition, Lung Ying Tai, a Taiwanese social and political critic, supported by former President of the Republic of Korea (South Korea) - Kim Dae Jung and Lee Teng-hui of Taiwan argues that Asian values is a â€Å"doublespeak† for suppressing universal values such as freedom of speech and human rights. Therefore, the research paper revisits the previous studies and the old ideas in order to compare and collate Asian values with Western individualism to build a more positive new view. InShow MoreRelatedA Theoretical Framework For Recruiting Asian American Police Candidates843 Words   |  4 PagesStates, law enforcement agencies must search beyond traditional methods to attract potential Asian-American police candidates (Crump, 2011). It is not to say that traditional methods of recruiting are ineffective in today’s 21st century policing, but rather, law enforcement agencies must utilize both traditional and non-traditional methods to recruit and hire the most qualified Asian-Americans. By analyzing, assessing, evaluating, and combining the works of several law enforcement scholars regardingRead MoreWhat We All Long For By Dionne Brand1645 Words   |  7 Pagesgirl named Tuyen. Tuyen’s story is related to the struggles that her family had undergone when escaping Vietnam and losing her brothers in transit. Over the years, Tuyen s brother, Quy, has become a gangster in Thailand, which brings a clash of values to the family. Tuyen is a young woman that tends to view herself as being between the vain world of her parent’s middle class lifestyle, and the chaotic world of Quy’s criminal lifestyle. In this manner, Tuyen brings a postmodern appeal to the storyRead MoreThe Impact Of Ethnic Diversity On The Development Of An Entrepreneur1617 Words   |  7 Pagesmay be achieved by embracing both social and ethnic diversity. 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These feelings and ideas affect how the client sees the problem and how they respond to their situation. Their actions, in turn, have bearing on individual thoughts, needs, and emotions. The therapist must be aware of the clients history, values, and culture in order to provideRead MoreSupport Group For East Asian Students1343 Words   |  6 Pages Support Group for East and South East Asian Students in Counseling Program Ya-Chen Tsai University of North Texas â€Æ' Support Group for East and South East Asian Students in Counseling Program According to U.S. Census Bureau (n.d.), East and Southeast Asian Americans is largely a result of the huge influx of immigrants from Asia, it stood at nearly ten million of the total U.S. population and nearly seven out of ten Asian Americans were born in Asia. One out of ten people living in the United

Data Flow Diagram Explain Free Essays

4. 3 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM A data flow diagram is a graphical technique that depicts information flow and transforms that are applied as data move from input to output. The DFD is also known as Data Flow Graph or Bubble Chart. We will write a custom essay sample on Data Flow Diagram Explain or any similar topic only for you Order Now The DFD is used to represent increasing information flow and functional details. Also DFD can be stated as the starting point of the design phase that functionally decomposes the requirements specifications down to the lowest level of detail. A Level 0 also called a fundamental system model or a context level DFD that represent the entire software elements as a single bubble with input and output data indicated by incoming and outgoing arrows, respectively. Additional process and information flow parts are represented in the next level, i. e. , level 1 DFD. Each of the processes represented at level 1 are sub functions of overall system depicted in the context model. Any processes that are complex in level 1 will be further represented into sub functions in the next level, i. e. , level 2. Data flow diagram is a means of representing a system at any level of detail with a graphic network of symbols showing data flows, data stores, data processes and data sources. The purpose of data flow diagram is to provide a semantic bridge between users and system developers. The diagram is the basis of structured system analysis. A DFD describes what data flows rather than how they are processed, so it does not depend on hardware, software, data structure or file organization. 4. 3. 1 Components of Data Flow Diagram There are four symbols that are used in the drawing of Data Flow Diagrams: Entities External entities represent the sources of data that enter the system or the recipients of data that leave the system. * Process Processes represent activities in which data is manipulated by being stored or retrieved or transformed in some way. A circle represents it. The process will show the data transformation or change. * Databases Databases represent storage of data within the sys tem. * Data Flow A data flow shows the flow of information from its source to its destination. A line represents a data flow, with arrowheads showing the direction of flow. How to cite Data Flow Diagram Explain, Essay examples

The Beauty Salon Organization free essay sample

The Beauty Salon Organization Jane Doe Management for Organizations John Doe Monday, August 1, 2011 The organization that I work at is a salon. I have been at this establishment for 6 ? years. I have worked side by side with the owner, operated as manager, and I currently work in this organization as a self-employed manicurist. I have seen firsthand the outcomes of the functional and dysfunctional control systems, experienced how to develop control systems, analyzed and illustrated essential techniques, and seen the impact they have on my professional life and my personal life. In 2005, I began working as a licensed esthetician and assisting the owner on daily duties. Working in a small business and being one of two full time employees I was able to work close with the owner and collaborate on ideas. The business started out as a tanning salon and later incorporated skin care, which is where I came in. We will write a custom essay sample on The Beauty Salon Organization or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Not only did I perform the duties of a skin care professional, but I also worked as a customer service representative for the company. We began implementing goals for the organization which included expanding the skin care department, expanding the tanning salon, adding members to our team of staff, and adding a hair salon as well. By achieving these goals we had to plan, decide what strategies to use, and allocate the companies resources to pursue the strategies. The owner was the manager and as the manager she did most of the planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. The staff assisted her in her final decision making since we were so small. Our brainstorming would take hours and sometimes days to figure out each step to attaining our goals. We did some demographic research to find where this industry fit in our community. Demographic forces are outcomes of changes in, or changing attitudes toward, the characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, ethnic origin, race, sexual orientation, and social class. Like the other forces in the general environment, demographic forces present managers with opportunities and threats and can have major implications for organizations (Jones, 2010, P. 145). With the research we were able to narrow our playing field down to women. We offered services for most anyone from ages 14 and up, but we knew our largest consumer would be women. Our products and services offered the public beauty enhancements from darkening light skin, reducing cellulite, anti-aging to toning the body. We tried our hand in marketing the business on a small scale, word of mouth. Word of mouth lead us through the spring and summer months when our products and services were most desirable. During the slower months we dabbled in newspaper advertisements as well as billboard advertisements. We arranged a menu of our services to allow clients the opportunity to share information about us and to learn about all the services and products that we offered. We researched the larger cities around us as well as the smaller communities that compared to ours. We looked for similar services and products to find a starting point in applying prices. A low-cost strategy is a way of obtaining customers by making decisions that allow an organization to produce goods or services more cheaply than its competitors so that it can charge lower prices than they do (Jones, 2010, P. 9). With this strategy in mind we adopted a theory, it’s better to have lower prices and more clients than higher prices and fewer clients. We wanted the competitive advantage. Planning strategy is complex and difficult, especially because planning is done under uncertainty when the result is unknown. Managers take major risks when they commit organizational resources to pursue a particular strategy (Jones, 2010, p. 19). Trying to hang with the â€Å"big dogs† we committed too much of our financial resources to offer bigger and better services for our small town. Lacking in money management and having a big vision the owner began splurging on high tech and high priced items with hopes of making the business boom. With little demand of the newest line of equipment that our organization invested in we realized we became too big too fast. We became the largest salon and spa in our area with 15 staff members, 12 tanning beds, over a hundred services, and thousands of dollars in inventory. Our staff included 3 part time receptionist and tanning bed operators, a massage therapist, an esthetician, 2 manicurists, and 8 hairstylists. Our goal was reached, but it was spiraling out of control. After evolving for seven years and after gambling over $600,000 in equipment and products our owner was in way over her head. The business was not sustaining itself any longer. The financial resources were depleted and the owner was forced to sell at a salvage price. Her intentions were good, but her management skills were weak and in the long run her strategies to succeed caused her to fail. Her task was to plan, organize, lead, and control and no self-evaluation was taken to measure her own performance. Before the next owner, a retired insurance branch manager, purchased the business he had one requirement. The requirement was that a manager would be hired to run it with little assistance from him. The manager hired was me. The new owner was under the impression that the business was self-sustaining and thought since I had 4 years’ experience assisting the previous owner and I was knowledgeable of the business that I would be a great candidate for management. I had little business management education, a large ego and I lacked most of the important skills to managing a business. Three important skills to have when effectively managing a business is: conceptual, human, and technical skills. One of the biggest problems that people who start small businesses confront, for example, is their lack of appropriate conceptual and human skills. Someone who has the technical skills to start a new business does not necessarily know how to manage the venture successfully (Jones, Gareth, 2010, P. 26). I was more skillful with conceptual skills than I was with human skills and technical skills. As a young inexperienced woman my first task was to gain confidence. My emotions were in it and I desired respect. Gaining respect from a group of women that had been in the industry for a combined total of over 70 years was tough. I did not have the ability to manage my emotions very well. I struggled for months with one particular employee that knew what buttons to push on me. From the beginning my job satisfaction was low. I allowed her personality to get to me and it disrupted my decision making. When the situation was at its peak I asked her to leave. Another obstacle I faced was similar to the previous owner; I did not know how to manage money. Looking back I can see where mistakes were made. The reception area was unorganized, but it had the potential to be great. So in my efforts of developing control systems I began organizing the reception department. I typed up a manual of ways of handling most situations that may occur between a client and the receptionist. Professional customer service was my goal. I laid out the plan on paper with the manual and next I approached the receptionists. We came up with simple phone greetings and methods of communicating to clients over the phone and in person. We found new and better ways to organize the appointment book so that everyone knew their schedule and had all the appropriate information on each client. These new approaches caught on. The more the reception area was organized and prepared the less likely they had to depend on me. They had the confidence they needed to handle their responsibilities. We gathered information from clients and salon consultants to improve our business and the services available to clients. With minor changes we were able to spice up the appearance of our tanning department as well as help organize it. We took the same approach to our laundry room and spa area. We framed the changes so that clients would find the materials they needed for their service more easily. Little by little the departments were looking better and better. The clients were noticing the changes and enjoying them. I analyzed figures and came up with new tanning packages to increase sells, marked down products periodically to move old product out. I developed a webpage of our business to increase traffic. We sold gift certificates on our website, usually selling hundreds of dollars’ worth each quarter. Each month we had a spa special which included a skin care service and a massage service. We kept our website updated monthly with each new special. We also started a salon fan page on Facebook so that our clients could view daily, weekly, and monthly specials. This really kept our business connected to the community. Our goal was to constantly remind our clients to come visit us whether to buy for themselves or for someone they loved. Getting our name out to the community and giving the community an idea of what we did and what we were about was important. We wanted them to know that they deserved to be pampered and we had the services to help them relax from head to toe. Our efforts showed a small climb in sells. I was quickly seeing that advertising was essential to our business’ growth. Advertising was not always cheap, but using Facebook and our webpage was cheaper and easier way to advertise on a daily basis. Occasionally we did newspaper advertisements and local business card ads in menus for restaurants and school flyers. We also met with a local graphic designer to design our new service brochure and our business cards. This was a cheap way of getting our name out. We dropped these off at local businesses and gave them out to every new and old client. Another way that we pointed ourselves out was purchasing new awnings with our logo on them so that people could see us from a distance. We also purchased banners with our name and information to set up at chamber events, parades, and other community events. We were chamber members and we helped sponsored chamber events. All of this was done over the course of 2 years. Every once in a while we planned meetings to get feedback from employees and staff and to update everyone on changes. The meetings were usually a time to complain and that is one place I struggled. I did not step outside the box to make the meetings fun and enjoyable. They were usually dry and long. We also tried planning events where we could all enjoy ourselves, like going to a hibachi grill or having holiday parties. When we held those events they were fun and we should have done more of them to pep up the staff and encourage them. As time went on it just seemed harder to plan and encourage people, because I felt so burden with the business battling with the economy. Struggling to pay bills for the business I consulted the owner. He gave me the opportunity to improve the financial situation, but with the crashing economy and an absence of money management I was unable to grasp control of the situation. The owner began assisting me on orders and paying bills as he shelved money into the business to keep it afloat. We cut back on hourly wages and I covered the reception area more. The idea of selling the business seemed better each month. Selling the business would probably mean me losing my job. In my second year of management I took a manicurist class at a local community college to obtain my manicurist license. I did this knowing we did not have enough staff to handle the demand for manicurist services. I finished in May and was able to bring in more income for the business by being available to render the services. By November the owner was looking for a prospect to purchase the business. During this time our full time manicurist told us she would be moving out of the country and leaving her clientele behind. So by mid-December I was taking over a full clientele and stepping away from my position as manager. January 1st we were officially owned and operated by a hairstylist that had only been with us for 4 months. I assisted the newest owner as she began managing the salon and spa. I worked with her for about a month showing her how to prepare payroll, taxes, and schedules. I illustrated ways of increasing revenue. One way I mentioned would help was to set up televisions in all the departments of the business advertising each department. Knowing that all of our tanners did not know what all we offered and all of our hair clients did not know we offered other services, this would have been a great way to advertise to our existing clients. We even spoke with a videographer and she agreed to swop services, so no money would be exchanged. Months have gone by and we have no televisions. As a small-business owner, you need to juggle many different roles, and tapping into all available resources is essential (Anonymous, 2009, Running A Successful Small Business ). So we analyzed the monthly figures and came up with ways to use fewer resources. I gave her advice on how to run the reception area, as well as, when to order inventory. Like me, she became overwhelmed in the first couple of months. Her managing style was different than anyone we had worked with before. She herself had no managing experience. Her ways were not consistent and out of order. If you were being reprimanded she would do so in front of other people including the clients. The respect people had for her went out the window. Unfortunately, her low-cost strategy was by abstaining from ordering products. She also put family members in the reception area to save money. Working as a full time hairstylist she was not able to assist or train the receptionist properly. A few of the staff members gave a few hours a week to help her save money on hourly wages. We also gave up our small commissions on product sells so that she could use the money as needed. To settle in my new position, to learn the daily responsibilities of operating my manicurist business, and allow the newest owner to become independent I had to back away from assisting her. She and her husband now operate it. They are struggling to make the business grow and to depend on fewer resources. The majority of the business’s income is made in the spring and summer months. During the fall and winter months it takes much more effort to bring in revenue and to minimize cost. I have managed my on manicurist business for 7 months now. Taking some of the skills that I have learned from my experience as manager and the education that I have received over the last few months has motivated me to plan, organize, lead, and control my business. I have not done any advertisements; I have grown by word of mouth. I enjoy what I do and I believe it shows in my work. Occasionally I will buy a box of cards and mail them out to my clients to let them know that I appreciate them and if there is an illness or an issue in their family I will send one out. My business has grown and has become established, I believe, all because of the faith that I have and the skills that I have learned. I take classes pertaining to my field and I am obtaining my bachelors in Business Administration. I should be graduating in October of 2013 and hopefully pursuing my master’s degree shortly after. In conclusion, I have shown the ways I have seen outcomes of functional and dysfunctional controls systems in the organization that I work at. I have exhibited my experience in managing and developing control systems, illustrated and analyzed essential techniques, and shown how it has impacted my professional and my personal life.